Hypoallergenic diet for children and adults - allowed and forbidden foods, menu

An urgent problem of a modern person is allergy. This is a kind of reaction of the body to the action of special substances called allergens. A person encounters them when breathing, while eating or in contact with the skin. Allergies can affect men and women, children and adults. The main method of treating and preventing it is a diet with a hypoallergenic diet. It is suitable not only for those who suffer from allergies, but also for breastfeeding mothers, who can improve the quality of breast milk with the help of such a menu.

What is a hypoallergenic diet

In medicine, allergy is a condition in which there is an increased sensitivity to external or internal stimuli. In this case, the human body perceives harmless substances as antigens. Even with minimal contact of a person with an allergen, a large amount of IgE is produced. Mechanism of formation of an allergic reaction:

  1. IgE immunoglobulin, upon first contact with the allergen, detects it and binds to mast cells and basophils (cells of the immune system).
  2. The result is a complex. It consists of an allergen, IgE, and a mast or basophil cell.
  3. The basophil complex with blood circulation penetrates into various organs: skin, nose, lungs, stomach and with mast cells remains immobile.
  4. After re-entering the body, basophils and mast cells secrete special substances - histamine and serotonin. They are needed to fight the irritant.

Histamine with serotonin and cause allergic reactions: smooth muscle spasm and capillary dilation, leading to blood clotting and edema. Since allergies are often caused by food, the treatment regimen should include diet in addition to antihistamines. It also plays an important role in allergic reactions to medications used in poultry and animal husbandry (antibiotics, salicylates). The diet is based on the following principles:

  • exclusion of products containing cross-linked and causative allergen;
  • eat only fresh produce;
  • rejection of histaminoliberators - products that cause the gastrointestinal tract to secrete histamine from its cells: chocolate, cow's milk, coffee, wheat bran, orange juice;
  • restriction in the diet of animal proteins;
  • exclusion of canned and colored products, preservatives and flavorings;
  • restriction of simple carbohydrates, salt, fried, spicy and salty foods, alcohol;
  • rejection of histamine carriers - foods with a high level of histamine in the composition (tomatoes, strawberries, hazelnuts, cocoa, spinach).

General principles

For those who suffer from allergies, there is a special diet - table number 5 GA (hypoallergenic). It is based on therapeutic diet no. 5, which is prescribed for diseases of the biliary system and liver. Adults should eat according to the principles of table number 5 for 3 weeks, children - 10 days. This is enough for the permanent disappearance of the manifestations of allergy. In the future, the diet is built taking into account the following principles:

  • When symptoms begin to subside, you can switch from anti-allergenic foods to a less restrictive diet and gradually expand your diet to foods with moderate allergic activity.
  • Initially introduced low-fat white fish, bread, fresh onions, fruit puree, compote.
  • Throughout the diet, foods are boiled or steamed. Frying and baking will increase the allergen content.
  • Nutrition should be complete in terms of slow proteins, fats and carbohydrates.
  • Each new dietary product is introduced no more often than once every 3 days. If there is no negative reaction to it, you can leave it on the menu.
  • The optimal food option is partial, in which the number of meals per day reaches 5-6 times.
  • Products that contain easily soluble carbohydrates are completely banned: sweets, honey, jam, chocolate. Instead of sugar, you can use aspartame, saccharin or xylitol.
  • If the cause of the allergy has not been identified, then all allergens of causal importance should be excluded: strawberries, nuts, chocolate, honey, eggs, seafood, caviar, citrus fruits, melons, tomatoes.
  • It is important to enrich the diet with calcium, which has anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic properties. This trace element is found in cottage cheese, fermented milk products.
  • All dishes containing an allergenic product are excluded from the diet menu. For example, if a reaction is manifested in eggs, then you should give up creams, mayonnaise, casserole, products rich in flour.
Fruit puree is approved for use in a hypoallergenic diet

Indications

Diet is not only effective for food allergies. A special diet helps reduce the impact of allergens and other groups (medical, fungal, pollen, household). In a diet, a person reduces the risk of increasing the clinical symptoms of the following diseases:

  • edema of Quincke;
  • allergic rhinitis;
  • koshere;
  • digestive tract pathologies, in which the process of nutrient assimilation is interrupted;
  • atopic dermatitis;
  • bronchial asthma;
  • grass fever.

List of hypoallergenic foods

When preparing the first dishes, it is recommended to use vegetable juice without frying. He must be weak, d. m. th. after 1-2 boils the water is drained. It is allowed to add different garden herbs. From cereals it is useful to use oatmeal, buckwheat, wheat. Potatoes are allowed as a side dish in the form of mashed potatoes, but only cooked in water. From fermented milk products, you can use fresh low-fat cottage cheese, yogurt without additives.

To enrich the body with fats, you should include in the diet sunflower or olive oil. Pasta should only be made from hard wheat. Other hypoallergenic products:

Name

Calories per 100 g, kcal

Fat per 100 g, g

Carbohydrates per 100 g, g

Proteins per 100 g, g

Vegetables, herbs

Eggplant

24

0. 1

4. 5

1, 2

Zucchini

24

0. 3

4. 6

0. 6

Cucumbers

15

0. 1

2. 8

0. 8

wrong conceptions

27

0. 1

0. 1

1. 8

Pumpkin

19

0. 1

4. 3

0. 6

Broccoli

28

0, 4

5. 2

3. 0

Celery

12

0. 1

2. 1

0. 9

Lentils

284

1. 5

42. 7

24. 0

garlic

143

0. 5

29. 9

6. 5

Asparagus

twenty

0. 1

3. 1

1. 9

onions

41

0. 0

10. 4

1. 4

legume

123

0. 5

21. 5

7. 8

CROPS

oatmeal

342

6. 1

59. 5

12. 3

buckwheat

313

3. 3

62. 1

12. 6

Wheat bran

296

3. 8

53. 6

15. 1

oatmeal

328

1. 0

73. 3

10. 3

CROPS

366

7. 2

69. 3

11. 9

Fruits

PEACH

46

0. 1

11. 3

0. 9

nectarine

48

0. 2

11. 8

0. 9

Apples

47

0, 4

9. 8

0, 4

pear

42

0. 2

10. 9

0, 4

Dairy products

Kefir 0%

thirty

0. 1

3. 8

3. 0

Kefir 1%

40

1. 0

4. 0

2. 8

Cottage cheese 0. 6%

88

0. 6

1. 8

18. 0

meat

Boiled chicken

170

7. 4

0. 0

25. 2

Boiled turkey fillet

130

1. 0

0. 0

25. 0

Boiled beef

254

16. 8

0. 0

25. 8

Çomlek beef

232

18. 3

0. 0

16. 8

a fish

consolatory

90

3. 0

0. 0

15. 7

Halibut

103

3. 0

0. 0

18. 9

Code

69

0. 6

0. 0

16. 0

Seaweed

49

5. 1

0. 0

0. 8

Drinks

Rose juice

70

0. 0

17. 6

0. 1

Prohibited foods

The list of forbidden foods includes fish and meat juices. It is also necessary to refuse from a hypoallergenic diet from fatty varieties of red meat, poultry (goose and duck), whole milk and most types of sausages. Strong allergens are citrus fruits, sweets, seafood (squid, mussels, shrimp). The same goes for all salty foods, pickles, canned foods. The ban also includes:

  • Red currant;
  • lemon, mango, grape, grapefruit, pomegranate, banana, orange, tangerine;
  • nuts, raisins;
  • carrots, salad peppers, tomatoes;
  • White rice;
  • jam, cakes, ice cream, cakes;
  • condensed milk, sour cream 30%, 40%, cheese, cottage cheese 18%;
  • vinegar, mayonnaise;
  • lamb, smoked chicken, sausages, hot dogs, pork fat;
  • semi-finished fish and canned food, mackerel, sardines, caviar;
  • butter margarine, coconut oil and palm oil;
  • white dessert and dry wines, vodka, cognac, beer, liqueur;
  • cola, coffee, pepsi, sprite;
  • Red blueberry.
Red currant is on the list of forbidden foods in a hypoallergenic diet.

Hypoallergenic diet menu

Keeping a food diary can help alleviate allergies when you eat a hypoallergenic diet. In it you can record the foods or meals used for diet and reaction to them. Because of this, it will be possible to accurately identify allergens and exclude them from your menu. Moreover, a diary makes it easier to keep track of how varied your diet is. This is important because scientists have found that with the same menu, the likelihood of developing allergies is higher. In the diary, you can describe some options for a hypoallergenic diet menu, and then buy only the necessary ingredients.

For children

A hypoallergenic menu for a child is built according to the same principles as for adults. There is only one significant difference - with long-term adherence to such a diet, there is a high risk of a lack of protein, carbohydrates and micronutrients. This leads to a delay in physical development. Table number 5 is used depending on the health condition for 7-10 days only for the beginning. The doctor then selects individual hypoallergenic products for the children. Menu options:

Diet menu option

BREAKFAST

dinner

dinner

1

Viscous buckwheat porridge, cheese, apples, tea.

Potato soup with noodles, kitten with steamed meat with boiled vegetables, compote.

Boiled meat with boiled potatoes, tea.

2

Oat flakes in water, crackers dry.

Lean beef soup without carrots, corn salad, Chinese cabbage salad and cucumber.

Steamed beef noodles with boiled cauliflower, compote.

3

Buckwheat flakes with kefir.

Mashed potatoes in water, boiled cauliflower, lean beef, berry jelly.

Chicken stew with peas and vegetables.

For adults

If the hypoallergenic diet for children lasts 7-10 days, then adults can follow it longer - up to 2-3 weeks. The menu in both cases is practically no different, as the same list of anti-allergic products is used for its construction. Diet options for the day for adults:

Menu option

BREAKFAST

dinner

dinner

1

Buckwheat puree porridge, green tea with croutons, baked apples.

Steamed chicken cutlets, vegetable soup, rose juice.

Vinegrette, tea with diet biscuits.

2

Oatmeal porridge in water, fresh low-fat cottage cheese, apple juice with biscuits.

Meat cutlets, vegetable soup with wheat grill, biscuit tea with biscuits.

Pure peas, meatballs.

3

Casserole with cottage cheese, kefir.

Beef cutlets, buckwheat porridge, vegetable soup.

Cabbage and zucchini soup, steamed kitten, rose juice.

Hypoallergenic recipes

The basic principle for choosing recipes is that ready meals should have a beneficial effect on the digestive tract. For this reason, salting, fermentation and fermentation are completely ruled out. Steaming or boiling is considered gentle on the stomach. Such preparation methods help reduce the allergic activity of the ingredients used. Fruits and vegetables are also best eaten not raw, but boiled or roasted.

First

Mostly soups are included in the list of hypoallergenic first courses. Potatoes are often used for cooking. It is recommended to pre-soak it in cold water. It takes several hours to reduce the amount of starch in a vegetable. Soup stock should be second or third. This means that after boiling the liquid is drained 1-2 times. So the fat content of the finished soup will be much lower.

Vegetable grilled vegetable soup

The uniqueness of this soup lies in a special ingredient - celery. Dishes with it are often found in various diets, including hypoallergenic ones. Celery tastes like carrots with parsley. Its leaves have a spicy and fresh aroma. The benefits of celery are manifested not only for allergies, but also for weight loss. In the soup according to this recipe, combine with potatoes, cabbage and dill. Garlic adds a little spice to the dish.

Ingredients:

  • onion - 0, 5-1 pieces;
  • white cabbage - 100 g;
  • chopped wheat cereal (bulgur) - 50 g;
  • celery - 1 small root;
  • water - 1, 5-1, 6 l;
  • potato tubers - 3 pieces;
  • fennel or other greens - 1 branch;
  • garlic cloves - 2 pcs.

How to cook:

  1. Boil the water, dip the bulgur in it.
  2. Next, chop the peeled potatoes and add to the broth.
  3. Peel an onion, grate it and add to the rest of the ingredients.
  4. Rinse the celery, dip in the broth.
  5. Once it boils again, reduce the heat.
  6. Boil for 15-20 minutes under the lid.
  7. Remove some of the potatoes, grate them and turn.
  8. Rinse the cabbage leaves, dry, chop and place in almost ready soup.
  9. Cook for another 10 minutes, then remove and discard the celery.
  10. Finely chop the greens and garlic cloves, arrange the soup with them.
The first dish with vegetables and whole grains in the diet for those suffering from allergies

Potato soup with noodles

This dish requires a minimal amount of food. The soup is suitable for both adults and children. Onions in soup practically do not feel, as they are boiled. Due to the fact that the vegetables are placed at the beginning of cooking, the meat turns out very tasty. It is allowed to replace chicken with lean beef, but this will make the soup a little fatter and it will take 30-60 minutes longer to cook.

Ingredients:

  • small onion - 1 pc. ;
  • greens - to your taste;
  • chicken fillet - 800 g;
  • vermicelli premium - 200 g;
  • potato tubers - 4-5 pieces;
  • water - 4 l.

How to cook:

  1. Pour the well-washed meat with water, place the pan on maximum heat.
  2. Bring to the boil, drain the liquid.
  3. Pour the same amount of water again, boil again, remove the foam.
  4. At this time, peel the onion from the peel, finely chop, add to the broth.
  5. Reduce heat to low, cook for 30-40 minutes until meat is ready, then remove, cut into pieces and turn again.
  6. Separately boil the vermicelli in slightly salted water. This is necessary to prevent the soup from becoming turbid due to sediment.
  7. Peel a squash, grate it and chop the potatoes. Dip slices in broth, cook for 5 minutes.
  8. Then we fill the soup with boiled noodles.
Chicken soup with potatoes and noodles in the diet of people prone to allergies

Secondly

The main dishes are also vegetables or meat. Chops, potatoes, meatballs and meatballs are mostly steamed. Meat can be mashed, goulash and even stroganoff or souffle. In the final cooking recipe, the minced meat is mixed with the milk sauce, the yolk and the beaten whites. Souffle is already suitable for the stage when you start to gradually introduce foods with a moderate degree of allergy. Vegetables can be served as a side dish to meat, but they are only boiled, stewed or roasted, as frying increases allergy to ingredients.

Cabbage and zucchini puree soup

The advantage of puree soup is a smooth homogeneous consistency, due to which the dish does not irritate the stomach and intestines. In such recipes not only meat is used, but also vegetables. An unusual combination - zucchini and cauliflower. The raw vegetables have a neutral taste and are therefore combined with many ingredients. In addition, they have no contraindications. Cauliflower is not recommended for gastrointestinal problems.

Ingredients:

  • zucchini - 2-3 pieces;
  • onion head - 1 pc. ;
  • celery - 5-7 stalks;
  • parsley - 1-2 branches;
  • water or soup with lean vegetables - 1 liter;
  • cauliflower - 1 small head of cabbage;
  • low-fat sour cream - 100 g.

How to cook:

  1. Divide the inflorescence into small pieces, peel the zucchini and then rinse the vegetables, including the celery.
  2. Cut the onion head into cubes. Repeat the same with zucchini, celery, cauliflower.
  3. Put all the vegetables at the bottom of a pot and cover with water. Simmer, simmer until ingredients are softened.
  4. Then cool, transfer to a blender bowl, beat until smooth.
  5. Pour the mixture back into the pot, add sour cream, simmer on low heat for a few minutes.
  6. When serving, sprinkle with chopped herbs.
Cabbage and zucchini puree soup is a convenient dish for the stomach in the hypoallergenic diet menu.

Steam trees

Knees are understood as one of the types of petas - small balls prepared on the basis of minced meat from fish, poultry or other meat. The difference between the noodle mass and the kitten mass is that it is more fluffy and softer. For this reason, dumplings are more suitable for children and hypoallergenic diets. Another feature of such a dish is the steam cooking, due to which the meat retains more vitamins. In addition, steam extinguishers are easier to digest by the stomach.

Ingredients:

  • low-fat milk - 2 tablespoons;
  • egg whites - 2 pieces;
  • beef pulp - 800 g;
  • wheat bread - 1 slice.

How to cook:

  1. Coat the bread in half of the whole portion of milk, leave for half an hour.
  2. At this time, grind the meat through a meat grinder.
  3. Squeeze the bread, add the minced meat, grind everything in a sieve.
  4. Mix the resulting mass well, add the egg whites.
  5. Discard the remaining milk.
  6. Form the minced meat into medium balls and place in a steamer. Cook for 15 minutes.
Steam dumplings based on minced meat for children and hypoallergenic diet

dessert

Although sweets are forbidden with a hypoallergenic diet, you can still diversify your menu with the best. You just have to cook them properly. The best hypoallergenic sweets are based on fruit, kefir or cottage cheese. The main thing is that fermented milk products are not sour. An ordinary pear, cut into pieces or mashed, will add sweetness. Cottage cheese is the best base for a casserole. It can also be prepared with the addition of permitted fruits. Baked apples are a popular dessert of the latter. They are even combined with cottage cheese - it turns out delicious and healthy.

Casserole with cottage cheese

Since eggs belong to the category of products with a high degree of allergic activity, their use with a hypoallergenic diet is not recommended, especially for children. The casserole can be prepared without these ingredients. Flour is also easy to replace with oatmeal, which will give the dish a dense consistency. To add a sweet taste, it is permissible to add any hypoallergenic fruit to the cottage cheese. Sugar should be added after completing a strict diet, d. m. th. after 7-10 days.

Ingredients:

  • pear - 3 pieces;
  • low-fat cottage cheese - 400 g;
  • sugar - 1 tablespoon;
  • oatmeal - 4 tablespoons. l. ;
  • kefir or yogurt without any additives - 3 tablespoons. l.

How to cook:

  1. Take a bowl, where to put the cottage cheese with yogurt or kefir, mix well.
  2. Add cereal, sugar. Mix again.
  3. Wash the pears, peel, finely chop.
  4. Add the fruit to the curd mass, mix, transfer to a greased baking dish.
  5. Send it in the oven for half an hour. The optimum temperature is 180 degrees.
Casserole with pear cheese - a delicious delicacy on a hypoallergenic menu

ripe apples

This is the most popular diet cake and at the same time hypoallergenic. Since people suffering from allergies are not advised to eat fresh fruits, they can ripen. It will turn out not only delicious, but also good for the stomach. Apples are the perfect fruit for this dessert. They are baked not only in the oven but also in the microwave, so the delicacy is prepared very quickly and easily. To make the dessert even more useful, you can fill the fruits with cottage cheese. Do not use only recipes where honey should be added inside the apple.

Ingredients:

  • apples - 3 pieces;
  • sour cream with a low fat content - 2 tablespoons. l. ;
  • cottage cheese - 100 g;
  • vanilla - on the tip of a knife.

How to cook:

  1. Wash the apples, cut the core, but so that the end of the fruit remains intact and a kind of cup is formed.
  2. Mix the cottage cheese with sour cream, add the vanilla, bring the mass to a homogeneous consistency.
  3. Fill the apples with the cottage cheese mixture.
  4. Put the fruit on a baking sheet, send to bake for 25-30 minutes at 200 degrees.
An ideal dessert for a hypoallergenic diet - baked apples with cottage cheese